Analysis – 14 November 2020

Britain, France and Tunisia are turning around. Sweden is still catching up. Germany must expect a lot more deaths. Numbers in the US have remained high throughout the summer and are poised for an elevation.
The current lockdowns in Europe are not going to work well if we do not acknowledge the infection risk coming from our young populations. In an effort to keep their lives as normal as possible, we send them to school and daycare where they will get infected, but mostly without showing any symptoms. At home, they pass on the virus to their parents who are, in most cases, still young enough to have only mild symptoms, if at all. From there, the virus jumps to others in the family, particularly at birthdays, during weekend getaways etc.

Here are the projections for the coming months. While incidence numbers are important, it is really the death numbers that will have a profound impact on our daily lives. These numbers are also the only ones that can be truly compared between countries and regions because infections are measured in many different ways and with more or less efficiency. This is why I discuss only the fatalities.

Britain's deaths will peak around the turn of the year at double the current daily death numbers.
France's deaths should peak before the end of the year at 50% more daily deaths than currently seen.
Germany's deaths should peak in mid February with daily numbers going up to 5-14x the current values. 
Sweden's deaths could peak in February, eclipsing last spring's peak and seeing up to 16x more daily deaths than currently. That is, if no mask mandate will be put in place. If this were to come true, Sweden will become the poster child of how not to handle a pandemic.
Tunisia's deaths are currently not increasing but they are projected to peak at around the turn of the year with up to double the current daily numbers with dire consequences for the health care system.

The U.S. deaths as a whole could peak in late January at more than double the current number, but not reaching the height of the spring peak. This is a welcome ray of hope.
Deaths in California, however, are projected to rise steadily from now on and not peak before the end of the projection period in March, eclipsing the current record high of August by a little. Given that death numbers have never been really low, this increase will not make a big impression on the graph.
Washington State's deaths are projected to peak in late February at 3-5x the current daily numbers.
New York State's deaths are projected to peak in early February with 4-6x the current daily numbers. This peak will be 9x smaller than the gigantic spring peak and it thus feels as if it were less menacing but it is still dangerous.

Brazil is projected to continue its nice decline in daily deaths. By the end of March, the numbers could be down to a third of the current ones.
China has not reported a single Covid-19-related death in 47 days but there is a peak projected in late March with around 30 daily deaths. Given the huge population, this will be barely noticeable on my graph.

Summary

Daily infections and deaths are 7-day averages per 100K people. Arrows = tendency.
Winter projections of daily deaths are as of 12 November.
Explanations of the numbers are found on the help page.

 Daily InfectionsDaily DeathsDaily Positve RateRProjection
Brazil06.7 ↘︎0.109 ↘︎50.0%  ↘︎
US minus 344.3 ↑0.370 ↑10.9% ↑1.16 →↗︎
California17.1 ↗︎0.098 →04.4% ↗︎1.14 →
Washington20.3 ↑0.143 ↗︎07.1% ↗︎1.25 ↑⬆︎
New York21.4 ↑1.248 ↑01.7% →1.30 ↑
France55.5 ↘︎0.858 ↗︎17.7% ↓0.81 ↓
Britain36.0 →0.595 ↗︎08.4% ↗︎1.2 →↗︎
Tunisia10.3 ↘︎0.691 ↗︎35.1% ↘︎ 
Sweden41.9 ↑0.151 ↗︎11.8% ↑  
Germany22.5 ↗︎0.198 ↑08.0% ↑0.99 → ⬆︎
China00.0 →0.000 →   
Rhein-Neckar20.7 ↗︎1.171 ↗︎   

Remarks On Vaccine Hopes and Whiners

Pfizer announced a vaccine with 90% efficacy. It was developed by German company BioNTech and is RNA-based, which is a very different way to trigger an immune response than the classical way of injecting the inactivated virus or parts of it (other companies are working on that). Here is a write-up on Ars Technica about it.

My words of caution: The timing of the press release was probably more for political than for scientific reasons. They did not do it too late as Trump supporters allege but rather too soon, maybe as a welcome present to the president-elect. Because, after all, the Phase III study has only gone on for 3 months and thus they cannot know if there is protection beyond that time period. Also, ramping up production and delivery at ultra-low temperatures will be an issue. The need for two vaccinations may also be a hindrance on the way to herd immunity. In any way, it is conceivable that more than one vaccine must be used for proper protection. Because all COVID vaccine candidates work in different ways; none will be perfect for all. And lastly, even in a best case scenario, herd immunity will take months to achieve. 

The whiners in the headline are of course the anti-maskers. Daryl Austin wrote a wonderful opinion piece on this topic on CNN, which I would like to share with you. Should the link not work, here is a PDF.


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